Introduction In February 2024, a finance worker at a multinational firm’s Hong Kong office transferred  USD 25 million to fraudsters after attending what happened to be a routine video conference call with the company’s Chief Financial Officer and several colleagues. The catch? Every person on that call, except the victim, was an AI-generated deepfake. It is reportedly one of the largest deepfake fraud cases recorded to date and it signals a fundamental shift in the landscape

Introduction Bhartiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023  ( ‘ BNSS ’ ) has superseded the erstwhile Criminal Procedure Code, 1973  ( ‘ CrPC ’ ), by bringing out various changes in the criminal justice procedure. While most of the changes only concern the rearrangement of extant provisions, there are certain substantive changes introduced to the law. Registration of an FIR is one such area where the law has been slightly changed, reflecting the judicial pronouncements delivered in

Introduction The National Mental Health Survey of 2015-16 highlighted that nearly 150 million  people in India need mental-health care, yet most of them do not receive it, with the gap ranging from 70% to 92%,  depending on the disorder. The survey also found that 13.7%  of adults have had a mental disorder at some point in their lives, and 10.6%  are living with one right now. While these figures prompt concerns about access to care, yet a more urgent question is left unansw

Introduction Dedicated to the divine in a marriage that will not cease in widowhood , few have the fortune of such religious esteem. Sold like commodities, bought into prostitution, and branded with a name that provokes both societal disgust and piety, few have the misfortune of wearing the sacred beads of the Devadasi. Once held in great esteem, the Devadasi are a predominantly female community of persons dedicated to a deity, and are involved in temple rituals, especially

Introduction The Negotiable Instruments Act  (NI Act) of 1881 was created to define and amend the law relating to promissory notes, bills of exchange and cheques. Section 138  of the Negotiable Instruments Act establishes that when a cheque that is drawn by a person, on an account maintained by him with the bank is returned as unpaid, because the money is insufficient to honour the cheque, that person will be criminally liable to be imprisoned for a period of up to two years

Introduction In August of 2025, the Supreme Court struck down the Indian Army’s policy of gender-based reservations in Judge Advocate General (JAG) posts on grounds of indirect discrimination ( Arshnoor Kaur v UOI ; para 93). This judgment draws attention to the fact that non-combat arms in the armed forces, like JAG, continue to have arbitrary gender-based distinctions in recruitment despite the Defence Ministry’s 2023 press release claiming that employment in the Indian ar

Children’s Right to Access Essential Medicines: Real or Rhetoric? “ Pediatrics does not deal with miniature men and women, with reduced doses and the same class of diseases in smaller bodies, but (…) it has its own independent range and horizon. ” – Abraham Jacobi, 1889 Owing to their immature physiological systems, drug response in children differs from that of adults. This necessitates pediatric-specific formulations. According to the latest census, 24%  of India’s populati

Introduction The recent World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) Intellectual Property (IP) Finance Dialogue 2025  underscored the rising significance of intangible assets in the global economy  and fulfilling the economic potential of IP. Intellectual property is commonly understood as the creative utilisation of human intellect for developing goodwill, brand value, and scientific innovations. Its identity as an invaluable financial asset remains undermined. The curr